As September 1877 ended, a battle was taking place on Bear Paw Mountain, in the Montana Territory.

A U.S. Army detachment, under the command of Nelson A. Miles, had pursued a band of Nez Perce that included women and children and was led by Chief Joseph. The detachment had followed Joseph for several hundred miles and had encircled him and his followers only a short distance from the Canadian border … and safety.

Miles decided on a siege rather than a frontal assault and opened negotiations with Joseph, who came out under a flag…